topping



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. R. TOPPI NG & W. H. HONISS.

I REGESSING TOOL.

N0. 554,466. Patented Feb. 11, 1896.

(No ModeL, 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. R. TOPPING 811W. H. HONISS. EEUESSING TOOL.

No. 554,466. Patented Feb. 11, 1896. Fzy' Vl Znessas: fiwanars:

WM %W$W UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES R. TOPPING AND I/VILLIAM l-I. HON ISS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT; SAID I-IONISS ASSIGNOR TO SAID TOPPING.

RECESSING-TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,466, dated February 11, 1896.

Application filed May 2, 1894. erial No. 509,851. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES R. TOPPING and IVILLIAM I-I. HONISS, citizens of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the 5 county of Hartford and State of Connecticut,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Recessing-Tools, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

[ This invention relates to improved means for the gaging, marking or finishing out of recesses the outlines of which in cross-section would be described by circular arcs. particularly applicable for use by pattern- I makers in working out core-boxes intended for the production of molders cores of circular cross-section, whether with parallel or tapering sides.

Heretofore it has been the usual practice to employ as gages circular disks of diameters corresponding to those of the cores to be produced and to work out the recesses to fit the proper disks. In tapering work it was necessary to fit in disks of different diameters at suitable intervals along the box, and then work out the intervening spaces by the guidance of the eye of the workman.

Our improved devices herein shown enable the workman to gage accurately every part of such recesses whether parallel or tapering, or whether the center line of the core is to be straight, curved or undulating. It may be adapted to gage either more or less than a semicircle by merely altering the angular re- 3 5 lation of the two gaging sides of the tool.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a side view of our improved tool in its simplest form and of an angle (ninety degrees) which adapts it to its most usual requirement, that of work- 40 ing out recesses of a semicircular form, as represented in cross-section in that figure. Fig. 2 is a View of the lower edge of the tool of Fig. 1 with the cutter omitted. Fig. 3 is a view of the right-hand edge of the tool of Fig. 1, and is partly in section in order to show the cutter more clearly. Fig. 4; is aside view of our improved tool with its gaging sides made at an angle of one hundred and twenty degrees to each other, which adapts it to work out an arc of one hundred and It is.

twenty degrees, as represented in connection therewith. Fig. 5 is a side View of a form of our improved tool made adjustable for convenience in adapting it to the working out of arcs ofv difierent angles. Figs. 6 and 7 are views of those edges of the tool of Fig. 5 which are adjacent to those figures. Fig. 8 is a crosssection of a piece of work having represented thereon several arcs of differing angles to illustrate the scope of our improved tool.

The simplest form of the tool is that shown in two different angles in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 and consists of the integral frame 1, provided with the cutter 2, whiehis adjustably secured to the frame with its point located at the apex of the angle formed by the two gaging sides 3 and 4 of the tool. Those sides should be of suificient thickness to avoid cutting or wearing away the edges of the recess operated upon, and are preferably flanged, being connected together bya thin open web, as herein shown. These simple forms are light and most useful, and are to be preferred where there is much work to be done requiring the same angle; but where frequent variations of 7 5 the angle is required the adjustable form shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 is to be preferred.

In that form the frame of the tool is made in two pieces 5 and 6,connected by the quadrantarc piece 7, which is fixed to the part 6 and adapted to slide in the piece 5, being adjustably clamped to the latter by means of the screw 8.

The quadrant and its seat in the frames 5 and 6 are described by circular arcs struck from the intersection of the gaging edges 3 and 4:, and one edge is preferably graduated in degrees, as shown in Fig. 4. This enables the tool to beset to the proper angle for gaging any desired angle of arc. The rule for 0 making or setting these tools so as to work out any required angle of arc is to make the angle between the gaging sides 3 and 4 of the tool equal to one-half the angle a included between two radial lines from the center of the proposed are to the edges of the recess. Therefore, as the tool shown in Fig. 5 is set to one hundred and thirtyfive degrees, it would work out an arc of ninety degrees and from that to one hundred and eighty degrees. I00

By suitably proportioning this tool it may be adapted to any desired range of arcs, as sug-' gested in Fig. 8.

The faces of the cutter 2 may be formed in the same angle as that of the sides 3 and 4, as shown in Fig. 1, or they may be given a clearance, as shown in Fig. 4;, to suit the material to be worked.

Our most approved method of using this tool is as follows: Ilaving laid out upon the surface of the work the two lines which define the edges of the recess to be formed, that recess is roughed out to its approximate form by any suitable chisel or tool. edges are carefully cut to the lines, so as to give accurate gaging corners on each side. Then our tool is applied with its sides 3 and 4 upon those corners, as represented in Figs. 1 and at, and is moved back and forth, as indicated by the dotted positions in Fi 1, so as to bring the point of the cutter 2 into contact with all parts of the recess. All portions of the surface of the recess which can be out or scored by the point of the cutter are removed, until that point clears all portions of the recess,with its edges and i resting on the edges of that recess.

The working edge of the cutter may be serrated, as shown in Fig. 3, if it is intended merely as a marking-tool to indicate where the material is to be removed by some other means, or it may be smooth and sharp. and operate like a plane-cutter in removing the material within its sweep. The cutter is preferably made adjustable, in order that it may be ground and reset until worn out.

A special advantage resides in the arrangement whereby the gaging sides are hinged together without any central pivot, thereby allowing the cutting-edge of the tool to be located in a line substantially coincident with the center of the oscillatory adjustment of the two sides.

\Ve are aware that in the patent to Robinson, No. 13,957, of December 18, 1855, a plane is shown having fixed angular gaging sides and having a cutter located with its point substantially coincident with the intersection thereof; but those gaging sides are shown to be of considerable length, as is usual and desirable in all planes which are intended to work on surfaces which are straight in at least one direction, and that tool is therefore only adapted to wor out recesses the lines of which are straightlongitudinally. Moreover, the cutter is therein shown to be adapted only for cutting in a longitudinal direction. In

Then the our improved construction herein shown the gaging sides are preferably narrow, being only extended in the direction corresponding to the length of the older devices sufficiently to avoid cutting or wearing away of the edges of the recesses to be operated upon, and we are thereby enabled to work out recesses which are curved or tortuous, the necessity for which is constantly occurring in the work of a pattern-maker, especially in the making of coreboxes. The cutter of the tool herein shown is therefore also so shaped and disposed as to out transversely of the recesses instead of longitudinally thereof.

We claim as our invention 1. A reeessing-tool, having relatively narrow gaging sides, arranged at an angle to each other and having a cutter located with its cutting or abradin g edge substantially coincident with the line of intersection of the angular gaging sides, and adapted to cut in a direction transverse to that line, substantially as described.

2. A recessing-tool, consisting of gaging members, the sides of which are adjustable in their angular relation to a common center, provided with an abrading-cuttcr having its cutting-cdge located upon a line substantially coincident with that common center of the gaging sides, that center being also coincident with the line of intersection of those gaging sides, substantially as described.

3. A recessing-tool, consisting of members adj ustably connected together without a central pivot, by means of a quadrant are, the center of which is located at the line of intersection of the gaging sides of the members, with an abrading-tool having its edge substantially coincident with that line of intersection, substantially as described.

i. A recessing-tool, consisting of members adj ustably connected together without a central pivot, by means of a quadrant are, which is fixed to one of the members with its center coinciding with the line of intersection of the gaging sides of the members, with an abrading-tool attached to one of the members, with its cutting-edge located in substantial coincidence with the line of intersection of the gaging sides, and adapted to cut in a direction transverse thereto, substantially as described.

JAMES R. TOPPING. \V. II. llONlSS. \Vitnesscs:

ILLIAM A. LORENZ, HANs MALLNER. 

